![]() ![]() However, a special, restricted group of high-ranking staff officers simultaneously studied problems involved in a surprise task force strike at Pearl Harbor. The war-games were conducted on the hypothesis of a sortie by the main body of the American fleet into the Western Pacific to block Japanese invasion operations against the Philippines, Malaya, and the Dutch East Indies. 5Īt the annual Navy war-games, held in Tokyo from 10 to 13 September, the general problem under study was fleet operations to establish Japanese control of the Western Pacific, assuming the United States, Britain, and the Netherlands as enemies. ![]() 4 From June of the same year, as Navy leaders became more convinced that their strategy must be based on the hypothesis of fighting the United States and Britain simultaneously, Admiral Yamamoto actively pressed his plan against the opposition of some members of the Navy General Staff, and it was finally accepted in principle on 20 October. The idea of a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in the event of war was initially conceived by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet, in January 1941. Under that decision steps were taken to mobilize shipping for Army and Navy use, and the Army began assembling its invasion forces in Japan Proper, Formosa, and South China. The Imperial conference of 6 September, in view of the unpromising outlook of negotiations with the United States, had decided that such preparations be rushed to completion by the end of October. 2Īt this date Japan's military preparations for war were already far advanced. 1This formal decision was made at the Imperial conference of 5 November, 17 days after the formation of the Tojo Cabinet. ![]() PRE-WAR JAPANESE MILITARY PREPARATIONS 1941īy 5 November 1941 the Imperial Japanese Government had positively committed itself to taking up arms against the United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands if, by the first part of December, no diplomatic solution of the Pacific crisis appeared attainable. Chapter I: Pre-War Japanese Military Preparations 1941 ![]()
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